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Serie A ((:ˈsɛːrje ˈa)), also called Serie A TIM due to sponsorship by Telecom Italia, is a professional league competition for football clubs located at the top of the Italian football league system and has been operating for over eighty years since the 1929–30 season. It had been organized by Lega Calcio until 2010, but a new league, the Lega Serie A, was created for the 2010–11 season. Serie A is regarded as one of the best football leagues in the world and it is often depicted as the most tactical national league.〔(The Big Five Leagues )〕 Serie A is the world's second strongest national league according to IFFHS and has produced the highest number of European Cup finalists: Italian clubs have reached the final of the competition on a record twenty-six different occasions, winning the title twelve times. Serie A is ranked 4th among European leagues according to UEFA's league coefficient behind La Liga, Bundesliga and Premier League, which is based on the performance of Italian clubs in the Champions League and the Europa League during the last five years.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title = UEFA Country Ranking 2011 )〕 Serie A led the UEFA ranking from 1986 to 1988 and from 1990 to 1999.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Member associations - Italy - Honours – )〕 In its current format, the Italian Football Championship was revised from having regional and interregional rounds, to a single-tier league from the 1929–30 season onwards. The championship titles won prior to 1929 are officially recognised by FIGC with the same weighting as titles that were subsequently awarded. However, the 1945–46 season, when the league was played over two geographical groups due to the ravages of WWII, is not statistically considered, even if its title is fully official. All the winning teams are recognised with the title of ''Campione d'Italia'' ("Champion of Italy"), which is ratified by the Lega Serie A before the start of the next edition of the championship. The league hosts three of the world's most famous clubs as Juventus, Milan and Internazionale, all founding members of the G-14, a group which represented the largest and most prestigious European football clubs; Serie A was the only league to produce three founding members.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=G-14's members )〕 More players have won the coveted ''Ballon d'Or'' award while playing at a Serie A club than any other league in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=European Footballer of the Year ("Ballon d'Or") )〕 - ahead of Spain's La Liga, although the actual number of Ballon d'Or won by players in these two leagues is equal at 18 each if including the FIFA Ballon d'Or. Milan is the second club with the most official international titles in the world (18). Juventus, Italy's most successful club of the 20th century〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Europe's club of the Century )〕 and the most successful Italian team,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Juventus building bridges in Serie B )〕 is tied for fourth in Europe and eighth in the world in the same ranking.〔Fourth most successful European club for confederation and FIFA competitions won with 11 titles. Fourth most successful club in Europe for confederation club competition titles won (11), cf. 〕 The club is the only one in the world to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.〔In addition, Juventus F.C. were the first club in association football history to have won all possible confederation competitions (e.g. the international tournaments organised by UEFA) and remain the only in the world to achieve this, cf. 〕 Internazionale, following their achievements in the 2009–10 season, became the first Italian team to have achieved a treble.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Inter join exclusive treble club )〕 Juventus, Milan and Inter, along with Roma, Fiorentina, Lazio and Napoli are known as the Seven Sisters of Italian football.〔(Le sette sorelle dell'Italcalcio )〕〔(Uno scudetto per Sette sorelle )〕〔(Serie A al via: le sette sorelle sono tornate )〕〔(Dalla paziente Juventus al Napoli esaurito )〕〔(Calciomercato serie A le nuove probabili formazioni delle sette sorelle )〕〔In the 1990s, when the term originated, A.C. Parma was seen as one the Seven Sisters and Napoli was not included〕 ==Format== For most of Serie A's history there were 16 or 18 clubs competing at the top level; however, since 2004–05 there have been 20 clubs altogether. A season (1947–1948) was played with 21 teams for political reasons. Below is a complete record of how many teams played in each season throughout the league's history; * 18 clubs = 1929–1934 * 16 clubs = 1934–1942 * 18 clubs = 1942–1946 * 20 clubs = 1946–1947 * 21 clubs = 1947–1948 * 20 clubs = 1948–1952 * 18 clubs = 1952–1967 * 16 clubs = 1967–1988 * 18 clubs = 1988–2004 * 20 clubs = 2004–''present'' During the league, from August to May, each club plays each of the other teams twice; once at home and once away, totaling 38 games for each team by the end of the season. Therefore, in Italian football a true round-robin format is used. In the first half of the season, called the ''andata'', each team plays once against each league opponent, for a total of 19 games. In the second half of the season, called the ''ritorno'', the teams play in exactly the same order that they did in the first half of the season, the only difference being that home and away situations are switched. Since the 1994-1995 season, teams were awarded three points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a loss. Since Italy is currently rated as the fourth European countries in terms of club football ratings,〔(), ()〕 the top three teams in the Serie A qualified for the UEFA Champions League (from the 2012-13 season). The top two teams qualify directly to the group phase, while the third-placed team enters the competition at the playoff qualifying round and must win a two-legged knockout tie in order to enter the group phase. Teams finishing 4th and 5th qualify for the UEFA Europa League Tournament. A third UEFA Europa League spot is reserved for the winner of the Coppa Italia. If the Coppa Italia champion has already qualified for the major European tournament by placing in the top three of Serie A, the third UEFA Europa League spot goes to the losing finalist. If both Coppa Italia finalists finish among the top five teams in Serie A, the 6th classified team in Serie A is awarded the UEFA Europa League spot. The three lowest placed teams are relegated to Serie B. Before the 2005-06 season, if two or more teams were tied in points for first place, for only one spot in a European tournament or in relegation zone, this teams would play tie-breaking games after the league's end, to determine which team would get the best place (useful to be champion, to be awarder a European tournament sport, or to be saved). From 2005-06 season, if two or more teams end the league with the same number of points, the deciding tie-breakers used are (in order): #Head-to-head records; #Goal difference of head-to-head records; #Goal difference of league; #Most goals for in league; #Draw. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Serie A」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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